Prevalence of Motorcycle Accidents and Its Associated Factors Among Road Traffic Accident Patients in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, 2019.

BACKGROUND: Road traffic damages were amongst the central causes of passing away, hospitalization, disability, and low socioeconomic status. About 1.3 million lethal road traffic damages and 20-50 million nonfatal damages happened consequently of road traffic accidents every year globally. Motorcycles are a small subsection of all motor vehicles significantly over-represented in total motor vehicle accidents and lead to a great rate of deaths and disabilities. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of motorcycle accident and associated factors among road traffic accident patients in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa city, Ethiopia in 2019. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The health institution/hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was applied and a systematic random sampling technique was implemented to select the sample size of 274 patient's cards from January 2018 to January 2019. The data were entered and analyzed on SPSS 20. RESULTS: From 274 patients' medical records reviewed in the study period, 151 (55.1%) injuries were due to motorcycle accident. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, age, sex, high speed, and types of roads showed significant association with motorcycle accidents. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of motorcycle accidents was the main cause of injuries among others, which was 55.1%. Motorcycle accidents occurred mainly in males and in people with the age category of 20-29 years. Age, sex, high speed, and type of road were significantly associated with a motorcycle accident.

Prevalence of Early Removal of Long-Acting Contraceptive Methods and Its Associated Factors in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Long-acting reversible contraceptive methods, IUD and sub-dermal implant, offer women the most effective method to control fertility. Yet, reports on high early removal rates were emerged, prompting concern among service providers and highlighting the need to review removal rates and its reasons. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of early removal rates of LARCs and its associated factors in Sidama Regional State, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS:  Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia from June 1 to June 30, 2019. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 21 administrative units in the first stage. Then, systematic sampling was used to select 475 women who have ever used implants or IUD 3 years preceding the data collection period. Data were entered into Epi Info version 3.4.3 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression were computed. P-value <0.05 was used to declare a significant association. RESULTS: The mean (±SD) of the participant's age was 29.81 (±5.69) years. The prevalence of early removal rate of LARCs was 10.3%, ie, 43 (10.8%) among Implanon/jadelle users and 6 (7.8%) among IUD users. Eleven (22.4%) discontinued within the first six months and 38 (77.6%) utilized for more than six months and discontinued before the 12th month. Women who were not advised about advantage [OR= 2.81 (95% CI: 1.23-6.40)] and effectiveness of contraceptive [OR= 2.70 (95% CI: 1.30-5.60)] and those who were satisfied with the family planning service [OR= 2.24 (95% CI: 1.10-4.57)] were identified as factors. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of early removal rate was considerably high among the study subjects. Providing appropriate counseling about the advantage and effectiveness of family planning and improving client satisfaction need to be considered to reduce the early removal rate.

Patterns of road traffic injury and potential consequences among patients visiting Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

OBJECTIVE: Road traffic injury (RTI) is the leading cause of death among aged 15-29 years, although low and middle income countries only have half of the vehicles, they have 80% of road traffic related death. This study aimed to assess the probability of road traffic injury occurrence and potential consequences among patient visiting at emergency department of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March 8 to April 6/2018 among 350 patients who were recruited using systematic random sampling techniques. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 350 patients medical charts were reviewed at emergency department. The prevalence of road traffic accident was 40.9%. Being male (AOR = 1.84: 95% CI 1.11-3.09), being in age group of 20-29 (AOR = 2.58: 95% CI 1.14-5.84) and being in urban area of residence (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI 1.51-4.02) were significantly associated with road traffic accident. Conducting further research on road traffic injury and risk factors recommended.

Diabetic ketoacidosis among adult patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to emergency unit of Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of diabetic ketoacidosis among adult patients admitted in emergency department of Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital. An institution based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted among 195 adult patients aged 16 years and above with known or previously unknown diabetes cases presented in the emergency unit. RESULT: In our study from the total 195 patients medical record reviewed 78 (40%) developed DKA. Out of the total reviewed medical record 55 (28.2%) and 23 (11.8%) were with type-1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus respectively. From acute complication of diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis was a leading cause 78 (77%) followed by hypoglycemia 14 (14%) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (9%). During multiple logistic regression analysis age and hypertension were found to have significant association with diabetic ketoacidosis.

Triage knowledge and skills among nurses in emergency units of Specialized Hospital in Hawassa, Ethiopia: cross sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess knowledge and skills of triage and associated factors among nurses in emergency department of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, South Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 101 nurses from March 1-30, 2018. The data was coded and entered to SPSS version 22.0. Descriptive statistics was done and Chi square test was done to show the association between independent variables and dependent variable. RESULTS: Among the study participants, 57.4% were female and 87% were in age group of ≤ 30 years. 51.5% had low triage knowledge scores, with the mean score being 9.54 (SD = 2.317), 76.2% perceived their overall triage skill to be at good level, with mean score 95.75 (SD = 9.562). Working experience of study participants (χ2 = 15.204, p < .01), Educational level of study participant (χ2 = 22.148, p < .01) and triage experience (χ2 = 13.638, p < .01) were factors associated with triage knowledge. Working experience (χ2 = 7.944, p < .05) and triage experience (χ2 = 6.264, p < .05) were factors associated with triage skill.

Post-concussion syndrome among patients experiencing head injury attending emergency department of Hawassa University Comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, southern Ethiopia.

INTRODUCTION: Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) is defined as the presence of 3 or more of the following signs and symptoms after experiencing head injury such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, irritability, insomnia, difficulty of concentration or memory difficulty. In Ethiopia, even though there was no research conducted on post-concussion syndrome, it is common health problems after experiencing head trauma that affect the productive age group, which directly or indirectly influences the development of the country. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and determinants of post-concussion syndrome among patients experiencing head injury attending emergency department of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. METHODS: Institution based cross sectional study was conducted from November 1, 2017 to March 30, 2018, in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital emergency department, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. RESULT: A total of 275 cases were interviewed during data collection period with response rate of 95.2%. More than half (55.7%) of patients were within age range of 25-34 and Majorities (55.6%) of patients were married. About two-fifths of study participants (41.5%) had at least three symptoms of post-concussion syndrome components. Headache and restlessness were the most symptoms occurring in varying severity while double vision and fatigue were less severe among others. Occupation, cause of injury and location of injury were significant determinants of post-concussion syndrome. CONCLUSION: About 41.5% of study participants had at least three symptoms of PCS. Occupation, cause of injury and location of injury were significantly associated with the occurrence of PCS.